Venezuela

Geography :Venezuela, a third larger than Texas, occupies most of the northern coast of South America on the Caribbean Sea. It is bordered by Colombia to the west, Guyana to the east, and Brazil to the south. Mountain systems break Venezuela into four distinct areas: (1) the Maracaibo lowlands; (2) the mountainous region in the north and northwest; (3) the Orinoco basin, with the llanos (vast grass-covered plains) on its northern border and great forest areas in the south and southeast; and (4) the Guiana Highlands, south of the Orinoco, accounting for nearly half the national territory.

Capital: Caracas,National name: República Bolivariana de Venezuela Languages: Spanish (official), numerous indigenous dialects Ethnicity/race: Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Arab, German, African, indigenous people Religions: Roman Catholic 96%, Protestant 2%, other 2% Literacy rate: 95.5% (2009 est.) Economic summary: GDP/PPP (2013 est.): $407.4 billion; per capita $13,600. Real growth rate: 1.6%. Inflation:56.2%. Unemployment: 7.9%. Arable land: 2.85%. Agriculture: corn, sorghum, sugarcane, rice, bananas, vegetables, coffee; beef, pork, milk, eggs; fish. Labor force (2013 est.): 14.01 million; services 70.9%, industry 21.8%, agriculture 7.3% (2011 est.). Industries: agricultural products, livestock, raw materials, machinery and equipment, transport equipment, construction materials, medical equipment, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, iron and steel products, crude oil and petroleum products. Natural resources: petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, gold, bauxite, other minerals, hydropower, diamonds. Exports: $91.78 billion (2013 est.): petroleum and petroleum products, bauxite and aluminum, minerals, chemicals, agricultural products. Imports: $59.32 billion (2013 est.): agricultural products, livestock, raw materials, machinery and equipment, transport equipment, construction materials, medical equipment, petroleum products, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, iron and steel products. Major trading partners: U.S., China, Colombia, Cuba, Netherlands Antilles, India, Brazil (2012). Communications: Telephones: main lines in use: 7.65 million (2012); mobile cellular: 30.52 million (2012). Radio broadcast stations: AM 235, FM n.a. (20 in Caracas), shortwave 11 (2014). Radios: 10.75 million (1997).Television broadcast stations: 44 (2014). Televisions: 4.1 million (1997). Internet Service Providers (ISPs):1.016 million (2012). Internet users: 8.918 million (2009). Transportation: Railways: total: 806 km (2008). Highways: total: 96,155 km; paved: 32,308 km; unpaved: 63,847 km (2002 est.). Waterways: 7,100 km; Rio Orinoco and Lago de Maracaibo accept oceangoing vessels (2011).Ports and harbors: Amuay, Bajo Grande, El Tablazo, La Guaira, La Salina, Maracaibo, Matanzas, Palua, Puerto Cabello, Puerto la Cruz, Puerto Ordaz, Puerto Sucre, Punta Cardon. Airports: 444 (2013). International disputes: claims all of the area west of the Essequibo River in Guyana, preventing any discussion of a maritime boundary; Guyana has expressed its intention to join Barbados in asserting claims before the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea that Trinidad and Tobago's maritime boundary with Venezuela extends into their waters; dispute with Colombia over maritime boundary and Venezuelan administered Los Monjes islands near the Gulf of Venezuela; Colombian organized illegal narcotics and paramilitary activities penetrate Venezuela's shared border region; US, France, and the Netherlands recognize Venezuela's granting full effect to Aves Island, thereby claiming a Venezuelan Economic Exclusion Zone/continental shelf extending over a large portion of the eastern Caribbean Sea; Dominica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines protest Venezuela's full effect claim.

वेनेज़ुएला दक्षिणी अमरीका महाद्वीप में स्थित एक देश है। राजधानी काराकास है। यह दक्षिण अमरीका के उत्तर मे स्थित एक उश्नकटिबन्धिय प्रदेश है। इसके पूर्व मे गुयेना, दक्षिण मे ब्राजील एंव पश्चिम मे कोलम्बिआ राष्ट्र है। इसकी उत्तरी सीमा २८०० कि॰मी॰ कि है, इसके उत्तर में कैरेबियन द्वीपसमुह एंवम् उत्तर पूर्व मे अंट्लान्टिक महासागर है।